DEMENTIA RISK
In addition to the impacts on mental health,
we can't ignore the effects of the pandemic on
other aspects of brain health, such as changes in
memory. Baycrest researchers are looking at the
possible effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the
trajectory to dementia in older adults.
"The pandemic may increase the risk of developing
dementia in two ways. First, through the virus'
hallmark respiratory symptoms, there may be a
decrease in oxygen going to the brain, which could
have negative consequences and cause damage,"
says Dr. Jennifer Ryan, senior scientist at the RRI.
"Emerging research from around the world is
showing that being hospitalized and on a respirator
has a negative impact on the brain."
Adds Dr. Ryan, "Second, the infection prevention
measure of physical distancing may result in social
isolation for some individuals. This could lead to a
depressive episode, and we know that depression
increases the risk for mild cognitive impairment
(MCI) and dementia later on."
In this study, the researchers are making bi-weekly
phone calls to healthy older adults living in the
community and asking them about their mental
health, their exercise and socialization levels,
and their exposure to COVID-19. They are also
testing these older adults' cognitive functions, like
memory. The study is part of a larger research
project looking at the factors that may predict
which older adults ultimately develop MCI or
dementia.
"This study will increase our understanding of the
risks posed to older adults' brain health during the
pandemic," says Dr. Rosanna Olsen, scientist at the
RRI. "The results should also help identify ways in
which this group can be supported during these
unprecedented times, for instance, through virtual
social interactions, exercise programs or other
COVID-safe activities."
To support research at Baycrest, visit
baycrest.org/donate
Dr. Rosanna
Olsen
Dr. Jennifer
Ryan
Dr. Linda
Mah
BrainMatters FALL|WINTER 2020 15
